Car-spring.



B. DOREY.

GAB SPRING.

APPLICATION FILED our. 5, 1912.

1,073,102. Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

/7-- l fl n m zrz J6 J2 Jr Z Z/ d M//////////////A es M f ,6 w 5 4 WITNESSES I //w/v7'0R GEORGE BIA 7 DORE) GEORGE BINET DOREY, 0]? MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO EBAI VK HARTWELL HOIKINS, 0F MONTREAL, CANADA.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented dept. id, 1913.

To all whom, it'may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE BINET DonnY, residing at 29 Shuter street, Montreal, Province of Quebec, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car- Springs; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to springs for railway cars and the like and has particular referenceto the employment of difi'erential levers in connection with the springs to transmit the load to the latter in such a manner that the resistance of the springs is increased in proportion to the increase of the load.

A feature of the invention is the provision of levers between and in frictional engagement with the springs and the parts to be cushioned by the latter, whereby excessive vibrating of the springs, when under a load, is prevented by frictionally retarding the recoil of such spring.

The object of my invention is to improve the construction of car springs by providing ,means for decreasing the travel 'of a spring in relation to the travel of a part cushione thereby and also to gradually increase the resistance offered by the spring to the load so that a spring having a short travel is equally well adapted to light loads as to heavy loads. 7

For full comprehension, however, of my invention reference must be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like reference characters indicate the same 1 parts and wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved dampening device; Fi 2 is a sectional view taken on line 22 ig. 1; Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional views taken online 3-4 Fig. 2 and illustrating the dampener when in different positions; and Fig. '5. is a detail erspective view of one of the frictional evers included in the device.

Referring now to the drawings, 6 indicates the part intended to support the spring and 0 indicates the portion to be cushioned.

My invention may be applied to any coil spring, theone illustrated in the drawing consisting of one or more coiled springs d located in a casing or box including bottom 0 bolted to the portion 6, and side and end walls f and g respectively, above the tops of i whichthe springs extend while a plate It lies upon the top of the springs and is held against lateral displacement by downturned sides a and lugs z". i

The spring dampener consists of one or more levers, one end of each being engaged.

with one end of the spring, for instance the bottom, while the opposite end of the lever is curved and engages as at B with the portion 0. The connection between the lever and the bottom of the spring is preferably made by pivotin this end of the lever to the spring box. T 1e levers extend inwardly over the spring toward one another and are each formed so as to present a portion which bears as at A upon the opposite end or top of the spring, through the medium of the friction plate It. In this way the levers each engage with the ends of the spring and have a frictional engagement with the plate 72 and port-ion 0, respectively as at A and B, the eflective length of the levers being from point A to point B. When the portion a presses upon the levers the bearing point A moves toward point B and so produces a differential action which decreases the travel of the spring in proportion to the travel of portion 0.

In my preferred. construction the levers are each of U-form with legs 7' straddlin the plate h and springs and pivoted as at between standards lwhich extend upwardly from the sides of'the spring box to a point bringing the pivot points near the top of the springs when in normal position, and constitutingaconnection between the end of the lever and the bottom of the spring. In the preferred construction the 3 arms of the levers are slotted as at 2 to permit of alimited vertical movement ofeach of the le vers as a whole. The inner ends of the legs are connected by an integral main body portion m which extends from side to side of the spring box; and lies between the plates 0 and h, the body portion of each lever being elongated in the longitudinal line of the lever sothat' the cross-section of such body portion is of substantially oblong form. The underside, or the side of the body portion bearing upon plate I2. is transversely curved to present an elongated con vex cam face a which constitutes the be- -fore mentioned movable bearing, the ends tial that the levers should be placed at the top, of the spring but will act equally well at the bottom of the latter or at bot-h top and bottom, provided there is an engagement between both ends of the springs and the levers.

In order to adapter-spring equally well to a light load as to a heavy one and to avoid the use of a spring having a long travel I combine strength with the sensitivencss of the latter spring by utilizing a spring of increased capacity and decreasing its travel in relation to that of the vehicle body as will be now described.

When the vehicle is lightly loaded the levers and springs are in the position shown in Fig. 1 with the former inclined at such an angle that the opposite ends of each of the oblong body portions m bear as at A and B, respectively, against the plate It and the portion 0, thus so spacing the bearing points that an effective leverage is presented which provides for an easy and sensitive influence upon the springs, the frictional action at the points A and B acting as a dampener to prevent eXcessive vibrating. As the load upon the portion 0 becomes heavier (see Fig. 3) such portion is forced down upon the levers which transmit the weight to the springs, but as the levers are forced down, they swing upon their pivots la and as they approach the horizontal (relatively to the figures of the drawings) the longer axis of the oblong body portion also approaches the horizon tal and brings the bearing points A and B closer together in a vertical line, such points approaching closer in a horizontal line through the medium of the cam face a.

By the change in position of the levers as just described it will be seen that the springs are capable of cushioning a'heavy load for the reason that as the oblong body por-' tions m of the levers approach the horizontal position and bring their respective bearing points A and B closer together in the vertical line, a proportion of the downward movement of the portion a is taken up and the springs correspondingly relieved and their travel reduced relatively to the travel of the portion 0 (as seen at CC Figs. 3 and 4) while the cam faces at in bringing such bearing points closer together in the horizontal line decreases the effective length of the levers and so increases the resistance of the springs to the load.

Fig. 4 shows the position of the levers and springs with an over load, the springs alone supporting the weight and levers merely traveling with the springs, the slots 2 permitting this movement and preventing the pins 10 from becoming strained.

What I claim is as follows:

1. The combination with a spring and a part adapted to be cushioned by the spring,

of a friction late, and means between the part to be cus ioned and the friction plate, adapted to decrease the travel .of the spring in-relation to the travel of the cushioned art. p 2. The combination with a plurality of coiled springs, a stationary part supporting the springs and a movable part adapted to be cushioned by the springs, of a pair of levers each fulcrumed' to the stationary part at one side of the springs, the comblned length of such levers being less than the distance between their fulcrums, the sald levers being adapted to decrease the travel of the springs in relation to the travel of the parts to be cushioned.

3. The combination with a coiled spring, a stationary part supporting the spring and a movablepart adapted to be cushioned by the spring, of a lever pivoted to the stationary part at one end, the opposite end of such lever being formed on its underside with a cam face bearing between the movable part ahd the spring, and en aging with the latter at apoint between the fulcrum of the lever and the point of engagement of the same with the part to be cushioned.

4. The combination with a plurality of coiled springs, a stationary part supporting the springs and a movable part adapted to be cushioned by the springs, of a pair of levers each pivoted to the stationary part at one side of the springs and extending inwardly toward each other where they are each formed upon the underside thereof with a cam face, such levers being adapted to slide toward each other when themovable part presses thereon.

5. The combination with a stationary part and a movable part, a plurality of sprlngs supported upon. the stationary part, standards extending upwardly from such stationary part at the sides of the springs and carrying pins "at their upper ends and a plate upon the top of the springs, of a pair of U-form levers each including legs extending inwardly toward the other lever, straddling the plate and springs and presenting slots adapted to receive the said pins carried by the standards and a body portion connecting the inner ends of the legs of each lever, the said body portion bearing between the movable part and the said plate and being transversely curved to present a convex cam face adjacent to the said plate.

6. The combination with a pair of springs and a part adapted to be cushioned by the springs, of a plate upon the springs and extending from one to the other and differential levers between the part to be cushioned and the said plate, each lever being in. sliding engagement with said plate at a point between the fulcrum ofthe lever and the point of engagement of the latter with the part to be cushioned.

'7. The combination with a pair of coiled springs and a part adapted to be cushioned by the springs, of a plate upon the springs and extending from one to the other, lugs upon the plate and encircled by the springs, and differential levers between the part to be cushioned and the said plate.

8. The combination with a coiled spring and a part adapted to be cushioned by the spring, of adifferential lever engaging with the part to be cushioned and having a bearing surface fixed relatively to such lever and in sliding engagement-with the spring at a point between the fulcrum of the lever and the point of engagement of the latter with the part to .be cushioned.

9. The combination with a spring, of a movable part adapted to be cushioned by the spring and a differential lever between the cushioned part and the spring and straddling the latter. i

10. The combination with a spring, of a stationary part supporting the spring and a movable part adapted to be cushioned by .a body port-ion located the spring, of a difi'erential lever including an arm at each side of the spring and attached to the stationary art at one end and between the spring and the movable part and connecting the opposite ends of said arm.

11. The combination with a spring, of a stationary part supporting the spring and a movable part adapted to be cushioned by the spring, of a differential lever including an arm at each side of the spring and attached to the stationary art at one end and a body portion located between the spring and the movable part and connecting the opposite ends of said arms such body portion being extended in the longitudinal line of and of less length than the arms.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE BINET DOREY.

Witnesses STANLEY C. KING, ALBERT BATCHELOR. 

